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Tonganoxie was named after a Delaware Indian, Chief Tonganoxie. The Chief Tonganoxie Lodge, which was built in 1835, was a stop over for mail and passengers traveling through the area. Eventually the Government took over the land and sold it to the Union Pacific Railroad. The Tonganoxie area is located along the route from Lawrence to Fort Leavenworth.

The town was actually established in 1866 after Magdalena Bury bought 40 acres from the Union Pacific and has it platted. Several of the town's early settlers wanted to name the City Buryville, but Mrs. Bury convinced them to use Chief Tonganoxie's name. According to the County Courthouse records, Tonganoxie was established officially on July 26, 1866. The forty acre plat (original town) includes First Street, south to Fourth Street, then Pleasant Street on the east to Green Street on the west.

For more on the history of Tonganoxie, click here.